盐场卤水成色原因分析及脱色方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘建超  张永刚  刘立平  任杰 《盐湖研究》2011,19(4):28-33

以天津汉沽盐场高镁卤水为研究对象,对其杂质形式、成色原因进行了系统分析。研究表明,卤水中的成色物质主要是大量的饱和脂类、羧酸类、醇醚类、胺类及不饱和的芳烃类、醛酮类、烯烃类等有机物质,经过氧化氢氧化-氢氧化锆吸附联合脱色工艺后,卤水色度及CODCr去除率分别可达99%和85%,镁离子的损失率可控制在1%以下,吸附剂氢氧化锆经脱附再生后可循环使用,大大降低了工艺运行成本。  相似文献   

The tempo-spatial characteristics and forming mechanism of Lithium-rich brines in China     

《China Geology》2018,1(1):72-83

With the technological development of exploitation and separation, the primary sources of lithium have gradually changed from ore to brine, which has become the main raw material, accounting for more than 80% of the total production. Resources of lithium-bearing brine are abundant in China. This paper has summarized the spatial and temporal distribution, characteristics, and formation mechanism of the lithium-rich brine in China, aiming to provide a comprehensive set of guidelines for future lithium exploitation from brines. Lithium-rich brines usually exist in modern saline lakes and deep underground sedimentary rocks as subsurface brines. The metallogenic epoch of China’s lithium-rich brine spans from the Triassic to the Quaternary, and these brines exhibit obvious regional distribution characteristics. Modern lithium-rich saline lakes are predominately located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In comparison, the subsurface lithium-rich brines are mainly distributed in the sedimentary basins of Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangxi provinces and so on in south Block of China, and some are in the western part of the Qaidam Basin in Qinghai province in northwestern China. Lithium-rich saline lakes are belonging to chloride-enriched, sulfate-enriched, and carbonate-enriched, while the deep lithium-rich brines are mainly chloride-enriched in classification. On the whole, the value of Mg/Li in deep brine is generally lower than that of brine in saline lakes. The genesis of lithium-rich brines in China is not uniform, generally there are two processes, which are respectively suitable for salt lakes and deep brine.  相似文献   

Effect of saltwater intrusion on groundwater environment in Weihe River downstream,Shandong Province,China     

MENG Yong-hui  WANG Ji-ning  YU De-Jie  ZHANG Li-xia  FENG Zai-min  YAN Tang  ZHOU Yong 《地下水科学与工程》2014,7(3):245-252

Based on the geological and hydrogeological conditions along with dynamic changes of groundwater level, this paper analyzes the hydrodynamic characteristics of saltwater intrusion in the study area. According to monitoring data of groundwater quality, the distribution characteristics of macro component are analyzed, and then fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to evaluate the impact of saltwater intrusion on groundwater environment. Concerning the influence degree of groundwater environment, the study area is divided into brine area, seriously influenced area, moderately influenced zone, slightly influenced zone and uninfluenced zone. The results can offer references for prevention and control of saltwater intrusion as well as the protection of water resources.  相似文献   

Possible role of brines in the darkening and flow-like features on the Martian polar dunes based on HiRISE images     

A. Kereszturi  D. Möhlmann  Sz. Berczi  A. Horvath  A. Sik  E. Szathmary 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(13):1413-1427

This work identifies and describes features of the changing seasonal frost-covered surface of Mars based on HiRISE images, and analyses the possibility that ephemeral liquid brine formation produces them. Because some of these dark features show flow-like appearance, and salts on Mars are present, liquid brines might be also present, possibly accounting for the changing droplet-like features on the Phoenix lander.We observed in-situ darkening and movement of dark features (or movement of the darkening front) on seasonal frost-covered polar dunes. Darkening and brightening may happen within several meters from each other during local spring. Darkening always starts from the bottom and moves up, while brightening progresses from top and moves toward the bottom between the small dune ripples. Brightening occurs during the springtime warming on time scales of several days close to the sites of darkening; therefore, dark material falling from the air, and refreezing of bright ice on it, does not adequately explain the observations. Interpreting the observations as brine-related melting or refreezing also poses problems, but because brine may engulf salt grains or ice blocks, phase changes here could be influenced by factors other than temperature values, and could produce the observations.Analysis of absolute albedo changes indicates that the flow-like features are the darkest at their lower frontal end, sometimes darker than the dark spot from which they originate. A bright halo (white collar) also forms around these spots, possibly due to refreezing. Inside the observed larger spots an outer gray area surrounds the central darkest cores, which is about 10 cm lower than the surrounding bright CO₂ ice. At those places, most or all of the CO₂ ice deposited earlier has disappeared, and H₂O ice is present. Observations of dark flow features moving on the top of this H₂O rich layer suggest even if the flow features start as dry dune avalanches of rolling grains, their dark material heated by solar insolation is in contact with H₂O ice and may produce brines.  相似文献   

新疆罗布泊富钾卤水矿床异常富集机理          下载免费PDF全文

马黎春  王凯  张瑜  汤庆峰  孙明光 《地球科学》2022,47(1):72-81

罗布泊是世界上最大的单体硫酸盐型液体钾盐矿床,对于其矿床成因一直存在争议.基于大量盐泉、地下潜水及地表水的化学实测数据,从水文化学的角度探讨罗布泊富钾卤水矿床成因.结果表明,矿区富钾卤水钠氯系数为0.76～1.24,钾氯系数为38.58～60.49,主体表现为溶滤型卤水特征,指示有其他来源卤水混合参与成矿;首次在罗布泊...  相似文献   

罗布泊雅丹地貌旅游资源评价与开发研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

董瑞杰  董治宝  吴晋峰  郭峰  崔徐甲 《中国沙漠》2013,33(4):1235-1243

本文对罗布泊雅丹地貌旅游进行资源评价与开发研究,分析了罗布泊雅丹地貌旅游资源的特征,并对区内各雅丹地貌景观异同进行了对比,通过SWOT分析定性评价了罗布泊雅丹地貌的旅游开发条件,认为罗布泊雅丹地貌已经具备一定的旅游规模,有很大的开发潜力。从旅游资源价值、旅游区位条件、旅游市场条件3方面定量评价了罗布泊各雅丹地貌分区的旅游资源,认为三垄沙和龙城属于1级景区,宜重点开发;白龙堆和楼兰雅丹属于2级景区,宜特色开发;阿奇克谷地属于3级景区,是辅助资源。运用面状容量法测算了雅丹地貌区的旅游环境容量并分析了罗布泊雅丹旅游生命周期变化过程。最后,提出了罗布泊雅丹地貌旅游开发策略。  相似文献   

再论罗布泊"大耳朵"地区的干涸时间   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

钟骏平  马黎春  李保国  蒋平安  邱宏烈  武红旗 《干旱区地理》2008,31(1):10-16

在收集前人考察成果及各类遥感影像基础上,通过实地调查,对罗布泊"大耳朵"地区干涸时间获得若干新认识。经过对1958年航片重新解译,认为根据1958年航测资料估绘,于1963年出版的罗布泊1:100 000地形图在"大耳朵"地区标注地物属性不正确,1958年干涸的环状盐壳地貌已经形成,未被洪水淹没。盐沙包137Cs分析结果表明,高约1 m盐沙包自上世纪50年代以来含137Cs堆积层仅表层9 cm,证明1958年"大耳朵"未被洪水淹没。"大耳朵"地区干盐湖盐壳粉砂含量高达10%-30%,如此大量风尘堆积的存在,也说明其形成不可能在4~5年内完成。土壤下层湖积淤泥14C测定结果表明在剖面F01处全新世早、中期均为水淹没并植物茂盛,最上层位于深105 cm处淤泥距今3 000余年。罗布泊"大耳朵"地区除"耳心"在20世纪30年代还有水覆盖外,其余广大盐壳区主要是在全新世晚期,由西向东逐渐干涸,完成由淡水湖-半咸水湖-咸水湖-盐湖-干盐湖的转变。  相似文献   

Hydrogeomorphic control on tree growth responses in the Elton area of the Cheshire Saltfield, UK     

Jonathan G.A. Lageard  Ian B. Drew   《Geomorphology》2008,95(3-4):158-171

Increment cores were sampled from oak (Quercus robur) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) growing at Elton, an area of the Cheshire Saltfield that has experienced significant subsidence and damage to the natural and built environments in the latter part of the twentieth century. Ring-width measurements for Elton trees permitted the construction of one main site chronology (Elton) and four sub chronologies (Elton A, Elton B, Elton C, Elton ASH). Ring-width difference between these and a control chronology identified periods of sustained growth reduction in oak trees commencing in AD 1859/1861, 1886 and 1934. Growth reductions after 1934 are related to watertable draw down caused by brine pumping from a concentration of nine boreholes at Elton, up to 2 km from tree sampling locations. Growth reductions in 1859/1861 and 1886 are likely to be the result of earlier phases of brine pumping in the Wheelock Valley, up to 5 km to the east of Elton, and these reductions correlate well with historic records of subsidence and pumping activity. Cessation of pumping in 1977 led to a lagged growth recovery in oak trees between 1981 and 1986, indicating that an artificial drought had been imposed on the Elton area for a period in excess off 100-y. This research demonstrates a hydrological separation of surface water and groundwater in an area where salt beds are overlain by till and that ring-width records of Q. robur can be used to reconstruct watertable variability and also the spatial impact of solution mining.  相似文献   

Assessment of soft-bottom Polychaeta assemblage affected by a spatial confluence of impacts: Sewage and brine discharges     

Del-Pilar-Ruso Yoana  De-la-Ossa-Carretero Jose Antonio  Loya-Fernández Angel  Ferrero-Vicente Luis Miguel  Giménez-Casalduero Francisca  Sánchez-Lizaso Jose Luis 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(5):776-782

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Effects of shield brine on the safe disposal of waste in deep geologic environments     

Y.-J. Park  E.A. Sudicky  J.F. Sykes 《Advances in water resources》2009

The salinity of groundwater increases with depth in the Canadian Shield (up to 1.3 kg/L of density). The existence of brine can be critically important for the safe geologic disposal of radioactive wastes, as dense brine can significantly retard the upward migration of radionuclides released from repositories. Static and flushing conditions of the deep brine are analyzed using a U-tube analogy model. Velocity reduction due to the presence of dense brine is derived under flushing conditions. A set of illustrative numerical simulations in a two-dimensional cross section is presented to demonstrate that dense brine can significantly influence regional groundwater flow patterns in a shield environment. It is implied from the results that (1) the existence of Shield brine can be an indicator of a hydrogeologically stable environment, (2) activities near ground surface may not perturb the stable groundwater environment in the deep brine region, and thus, (3) the deep brine region can be considered as a candidate geologic site for the safe disposal of waste. In addition to brine, other issues associated with long-term waste disposal, such as geological, glacial and seismic events, may need to be considered for the safe storage of spent nuclear fuel in a shield environment.  相似文献